Domain NameUnder the term domain name we usually understand two things: - The name of the computer in the network (hostname) that helps to mark out it from the variety of the others, in this case it figures as a part of site’s URL (example of domain name – www.websitereport.net). - Or a registered domain name, which is actually a literal name of the site, provided by a company domain name registrar; example: websitereport.net Hostname has obvious advantages in comparison with numerical IP address of the site: it’s much easier to remember literal hostnames than a combination of numerals – IP address. This enables Internet users to find and communicate with different server-based services much easier. Due to the flexibility of DNS (domain name system) multiple IP addresses can refer to single domain name, and the contrary. It’s possible because one server can host multiple websites, or on the contrary any server can be spread among other servers. Domain names can be divided into top-level domain names and other-level domain name. The top-level domain (TLD) name is that part of the domain name which goes after the final dot (like com, net, info, and so on). The other-level domain names can also be classified as second-level domain names and subdomains. Second-level domain name is a part of domain name which exactly goes to the left from the final dot, for example, websitereport is the second-level domain of www.websitereport.net. Domains of third and upper levels can be also referred to as subdomains.
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